Now scientists think they have a glimmer of an answer.They’ve long known that the blue tint comes from traces of boron in the diamond.(Source).Just 1 out of 200,000 diamonds is blue. The element allows the stone to absorb some red light, so the diamond looks blue."The origin of blue diamonds is such an alluring question — you don’t see them very often."You can start putting together a picture of what the surrounding rocks looked like, to recreate the birthplace of the diamonds," Smith said."It’s such an amazing stone," Tait said. "Diamond is an extraordinary container, a time capsule," said Steven Shirey, a geochemist at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington. "This study tells us for the first time that blue diamonds are formed very deep in the interior of Earth. As they form, they can trap tiny bits of rock inside — like fossils in amber."Diamond deposits eventually reach the surface through volcanic eruptions. Like all diamonds, they are made when carbon comes under intense pressure and extreme heat deep inside the Earth.Their findings were published Wednesday in the journal Nature.Researchers scrutinized 46 blue diamonds, studying imperfections in the gems for clues."Most of the impurities contained in these blue diamonds came from a very deep source," said Dongzhou Zhang, a scientist at the University of Hawaii, who was not involved in the research. The Hope diamond’s many owners included Marie Antoinette.The 45-carat, walnut-size Hope diamond, long rumoured to carry a curse, wasn’t included in the study but the findings help us know where it came from, said the Toronto museum’s Tait, who had no role in the research. How the light is reflected helps identify the minerals inside, said Evan Smith, a research scientist at the institute who led the study.The researchers suggest that boron in the ocean floor was pushed down when plates that make up the Earth’s crust collided.Blue diamonds — like the Smithsonian’s famous Hope diamond — are the rarest of China Customization Atmosphere Lamp manufacturer all and how they formed more than a billion years ago is a bit of a mystery. But the element is mostly found near the Earth’s surface, not deep down where diamonds are typically created.Based on their findings, it’s clear that blue diamonds are formed at far greater depths than other diamonds, some deeper than 410 miles (660 kilometres), Smith said. Most other diamonds are formed between about 90 to 125 miles (150 to 200 kilometres), Shirey said.Shirey and his colleagues used lasers to examine the diamonds’ imperfections — slivers of embedded rock — at the Gemological Institute of America. And the famous ones, like the Hope diamond, have such mystique," said Kim Tait, a gem expert at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto

It also adds to existing evidence that can inform upcoming physical activity guidelines over time. "We used devices to better measure not only higher intensity physical activities, but also lower intensity activities and sedentary behavior, which has become of great interest in the last few years," stated I-Min Lee, MBBS, ScD.g. For context, non-smokers have about a 50 percent reduction, compared with smokers," stated I-Min Lee, MBBS, ScD, associate epidemiologist at Brigham and Womens Hospital, and first author of the study."This is one of the first studies to investigate physical activity, and a clinical outcome, using the newer generation triaxial wearable devices which have increased sensitivity to recognize physical activity and are capable of more precise measurements than the previously used uniaxial devices, or studies relying on self-reports only.Washington: A study states that more physical activity and higher intensities of exercise could decrease the risk of death in older women from any cause.The study, led by investigators at Brigham and Womens Hospital, investigated physical activity of women measured over seven China Portable Bluetooth Audio lamp manufacturer days using a wearable device called a triaxial accelerometer. However, previous studies have primarily relied on self-reported physical activity, and self-reports tend to be imprecise."The fact the physical activity lowers mortality rate is nothing new - we have many studies showing this. Light physical activity, such as slow walking, was not associated with lower death rate during the study.Moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (e. Based on these self-report studies, we know that physical activity is associated with a 20-30 percent reduction in mortality rates, comparing the most with the least active. Current guidelines recommend at least 150 minutes a week of moderate intensity physical activity, or 75 minutes a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity (or a combination of the two), and muscle-strengthening exercises two or more days a week."This study supports current guidelines for physical activity, such as those from the federal government and the American Heart Association, that emphasize moderate-intensity physical activity. Using device-measured physical activity in the present study, we observed a 60- 70 percent risk reduction larger than previously estimated from self-report studies..Data were analyzed from 16,741 participants (average age 72) from the Womens Health Study who wore the device for at least 10 hours a day, on at least four out of seven days. brisk walking) was associated with 60-70 percent lower risk of death at the end of the four-year study among the most active women, compared to the least active.Lack of exercise or physical activity is estimated to cause as many deaths each year as smoking. Researchers note that light activity may be beneficial for other health outcomes not reported in this paper.The findings have been published in Circulation